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Microwave-assisted pretreatment technologies for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to sugars and ethanol: a review
Pradeep Puligundla, Sang-Eun Oh, Chulkyoon Mok 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 10 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2016, Vol.17 No.1 1 1-10 (10 pages)
have been widely used for different types of lignocellulosic biomass conversion. Additional advantages of microwave-based pretreatments include faster treatment time, selective processing, instantaneous control, and acceleration of the reaction rate. The present review provides insights into the current research and advantages of using microwave-assisted pretreatment technologies for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars in the process of cellulosic ethanol production. -
Evaluation of Ash Deposition Behavior and Fine Particle Formation from Combustion of Low-rank Coal Impregnated with Molasses in DTF
Zi-Xiang Xu, Joo-Chang Park, Hyung-Taek Kim 한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 9 Pages
한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 2019, 제 14권 2호 6 40-48 (9 pages)
In recent years, many countries have invested enormous efforts to tackle increasingly harsh environmental problems, especially the greenhouse effect. The addition of biomass into coal is regarded as a promising technology to mitigate CO2 emissions. However, the costs related to retrofitting injection systems and unstable combustion inhibit this option. Therefore, this thesis developed a two-in-one fuel that impregnates molasses into the holes of low-rank coal(LRC), which can be directly applied... -
Activated carbons prepared from mixtures of coal tar pitch and petroleum pitch and their electrochemical performance as electrode materials for electric double-layer capacitor
Eunji Lee, Soon Hyung Kwon, Poo Reum Choi, Ji Chul Jung, Myung-Soo Kim 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 8 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2015, Vol.16 No.2 2 78-85 (8 pages)
CTP/KOH ratio of 1:4, activation temperature of 900°C, and activation time of 3 h. The obtained ACs showed increased pore size distribution in the range of 1 to 2 nm and the highest specific capacitance of 122 F/g in a two-electrode system with an organic electrolyte, as measured by a charge-discharge method in the voltage range of 0-2.7 V. In order to improve the performance of the electric double-layer capacitor electrode, various mixtures of CTP and petroleum pitch (PP) were activated at the... -
Modification of isotropic coal-tar pitch by acid treatments for carbon fiber melt-spinning
Mi Jung Yoo, Hyo Jun Ko, Yun-Soo Lim and Myung-Soo Kim 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 8 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2014, Vol.15 No.4 3 247-254 (8 pages)
In this work, thermal treatment accompanied with different acid treatments was applied to a commercial coal tar pitch (CTP) to obtain a spinnable precursor pitch for carbon fiber. In the case of thermal treatment only, a relatively high reaction temperature of between 380°C and 400°C was required to obtain a softening point (SP) range of 220°C-260°C and many meso-phase particles were created during the application of high reaction temperature. When nitric acid or sulfuric acid treatment was... -
Superhydrophobic carbon-based materials: a review of synthesis, structure, and applications
Long-Yue Meng, Soo-Jin Park 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 16 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2014, Vol.15 No.2 5 89-104 (16 pages)
Materials with appropriate surface roughness and low surface energy can form superhydrophobic surfaces, displaying water contact angles greater than 150°. Superhydrophobic carbon-based materials are particularly interesting due to their exceptional physicochemical properties. This review discusses the various techniques used to produce superhydrophobic carbon-based materials such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, amorphous carbons, etc. Recent advances in emerging fields such as... -
공기의 공급량 변화에 따른 Bio-drying SRF의 연소특성 실험
윤영식, 김동주, 정법묵, 김태훈, 박영수, 박세원, 양원석 한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 7 Pages
한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 2016, 제 13권 2호 5 39-45 (7 pages)
우리나라에서 발생되는 생활폐기물은 재활 용, 소각, 매립에 의해 처리되고 있으며 2014 년 기준 하루에 약 5만 톤의 폐기물이 발생된 다. 소각과 매립으로 처리되는 양은 전체 발생 량의 약 41%인 약 2만 톤에 달한다. 이에 따라 생활폐기물의 가연성분을 연료화하여 소각시설 의 운영비와 매립지의 사용기한을 연장하기 위 해 고형연료화 시설이 전국적으로 확충되고 있 다. -
Catalytic hydrogenation-assisted preparation of melt spinnable pitches from petroleum residue for making mesophase pitch based carbon fibers
Dong Hun Lee, Jisu Choi, Young Se Oh, Yoong Ahm Kim, Kap Seung Yang, Ho Jin Ryu, Yong Jung Kim 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 8 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2017, Vol.24 4 28-35 (8 pages)
contributed to a large variation in the properties of the pitches. As the hydrogen pressure increased, the C/H ratio decreased, and the solubility in n-hexane increased. The mesophase pitch with entirely anisotropic domains of flow texture exhibited good melt-spinnability. The mesophase carbon fibers obtained from the catalytically hydrogenated petroleum residue showed moderate mechanical properties. Key words: petroleum residue, hydrogenation, mesophase pitch, spinnability, carbon fiber -
Effect of microporosity on nitrogen-doped microporous carbons for electrode of supercapacitor
Eun-A Cho, Seul-Yi Lee, Soo-Jin Park 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 4 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2014, Vol.15 No.3 9 210-213 (4 pages)
us carbons were prepared using a polyvinylidene fluoride/melamine mixture. The electrochemical performance of the nitrogen-doped microporous carbons after being subjected to different carbonization conditions was investigated. The nitrogen to carbon ratio and specific surface area decreased with an increase in the carbonization temperature. However, the maximum specific capacitance of 208 F/g was obtained at a carbonization temperature of 800°C because it produced the highest microporosity. -
Microwave heating of carbon-based solid materials
Teawon Kim, Jaegeun Lee, Kun Hong Lee 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 10 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2014, Vol.15 No.1 2 15-24 (10 pages)
pi electrons from sp2-hybridized carbon networks. In this perspective review, research on the microwave heating of carbon-based solid materials is extensively investigated. This review includes basic theories of microwave heating, and applications in carbon nanotubes, graphite and other carbon-based materials. Finally, priority issues are discussed for the advanced use of microwave heating, which have been poorly understood so far: heating mechanism, temperature control, and penetration depth. -
A comparison of the aerobic cost and muscle use in aerobic dance to the energy costs and muscle use on treadmill, elliptical trainer and bicycle ergometry
Jerrold Petrofsky, M. Laymon, R. Mcgrew, D. Papa, R. Hahn, R. Kaethler, M. Johnson, B. Wernow, D. Poblete 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 9 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2013, 제 2권 제 1호 3 12-20 (9 pages)
Objective: To determine the energy consumed and muscle use during dance compared to different standard exercise devices. Design: Longitudinal study. Methods: Fifteen female subjects were evaluated to assess the energy cost and muscle activity during a 20 minute dance video compared to treadmill, elliptical track and bicycle ergometry. The later 3 forms of exercise were accomplished in four, 5 minute bouts at different intensities of exercise. Subjects were in the age range of 22-24 years old,... -
승용디젤엔진 EGR 및 VGT 제어시스템의 동적특성을 고려한 Decoupler 설계 연구
홍승우, 박인석, 손정원, 선우명호, Hong. Seungwoo, Park. Inseok, Sohn. Jeongwon, Sunwoo. Myoungho 한국자동차공학회 한국자동차공학회논문집 8 Pages
한국자동차공학회 한국자동차공학회논문집 2014, Vol.22 No.2 182-189 (8 pages)
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QFT 기법을 이용한 승용디젤엔진 공연비 제어 알고리즘 설계 연구
박인석, 홍승우, 신재욱, 선우명호, Park. Inseok, Hong. Seungwoo, Shin. Jaewook, Sunwoo. Myoungho 한국자동차공학회 한국자동차공학회논문집 10 Pages
한국자동차공학회 한국자동차공학회논문집 2013, Vol.21 No.3 88-97 (10 pages)
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Combined Effect of CO2 and Temperature on Wheat Powdery Mildew Development
Slavica Matić, , Maria Alexandra Cucu, Angelo Garibaldi, Maria Lodovica Gullino 한국식물병리학회 The Plant Pathology Journal 11 Pages
한국식물병리학회 The Plant Pathology Journal 2018, 34권 4호 6 316-326 (11 pages)
The effect of simulated climate changes by applying different temperatures and CO2 levels was investigated in the Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici/wheat pathosystem. Healthy and inoculated plants were exposed in single phytotrons to six CO2+temperature combinations: (1) 450 ppm CO2/18-22°C (ambient CO2 and low temperature), (2) 850 ppm CO2/18-22°C (elevated CO2 and low temperature), (3) 450 ppm CO2/22-26°C (ambient CO2 and medium temperature), (4) 850 ppm CO2/22-26°C (elevated CO2 and medium... -
단일 버너 석탄 연소로에서 합성가스 재연소에 관한 연구
한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 2020, 제 15권 1호 5 47-55 (9 pages)
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생활폐기물 소각시설에서의 에너지회수율 적용방법 및 가용잠재량 산정 연구
권영현, 강준구, 신성경, 김기헌 한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 12 Pages
한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 2016, 제 13권 2호 9 69-80 (12 pages)
최근 급속한 경제 성장과 소비 수준의 상 승으로 폐기물 배출량이 급격히 증가하였고, 질적으로 다양화 되고 있다. 국내 폐기물 처 리정책의 주요내용은 자원을 효율적으로 이용 함으로써 자연으로부터의 자원채취를 최소화 함과 동시에 자연으로 되돌려지는 폐기물을 최소화함으로써 자연환경을 보호하고 사람의 건강을 보존하는 것이다. 선·후진국을 막론 하고 폐기물관리정책의 변화과정은 비슷하다. 초기에는 단순히 “폐기물”을 처리하는 “청 소(Cleaning)개념”에서 시작하여 “재활용 (Recycle)" 문제로 정책중심이... -
사업장폐기물 소각시설에서의 에너지회수율 적용방법 및 가용잠재량 산정 연구
권영현, 윤영삼, 신성경, 김기헌 한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 11 Pages
한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 2016, 제 13권 2호 8 58-68 (11 pages)
최근 들어 우리 사회는 생활소비수준의 향 상으로 인해 생활쓰레기 및 폐기물 발생량이 기하급수적으로 증가하여 폐기물의 처리 방법 이 기존의 매립방식에서 점차 소각이나 자원 회수방식으로 변화하고 있다. 폐기물 소각로 는 원래 폐기물의 최종 처분기술로 폐기물의 감량 효과가 크고 안전처리가 가능한 기술로 알려져 있으나, 2차적인 대기오염물질(N0x, Sox 등) 및 다이옥신 등의 배출문제가 부각되 면서 보급에 장애요인이 되고 있었다. 그러나 최근에는 다이옥신을 비롯한 대기오염물질 (N0x, Sox 등)은 거의 완벽하게 제거가... -
비산회/소석회 탈황흡수제 제조공정에서 공정변수가 흡수제의 반응성에 미치는 영향
한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 2016, 제 13권 2호 3 17-31 (15 pages)
연도주입식(duct injection) 배가스 탈황공정은 가습된 배가스가 흐르는 덕트(duct)로 소석회 (Ca(OH)2)와 같은 흡수제를 직접 주입하여 SO2를 제거하는 건식공정이다[1,2]. 이 공정에 서는 주입된 흡수제와 SO2사이의 주반응이 덕 트에서 일어나고, 덕트의 끝에 설치된 집진장 치(주로 여과포식 집진장치)에서 포집된 미반 응 흡수제와 SO2사이의 추가반응이 일어난다. -
PCBs함유 폐기물 처리를 위한 플라즈마 용융기술
박현서, 송현선, 박동화, 유병수 한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 17 Pages
한국열환경공학회 열환경공학 2011, 제 8권 1호 7 51-67 (17 pages)
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A Choice of Nightmares: The Fisher King and the Horror in Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now
Youngkul Kim 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 Eastwest Education 46 Pages
이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 Eastwest Education 2006, Vol.23 2 13-58 (46 pages)
This study investigates Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness and its film adaptation, Francis Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now, by examining the character of the Fisher King, a common figure at the beginning of human society who was later incorporated into romance literature, especially in the quest for the Holy Grail in the Arthurian legend. A superior warrior of godlike proportions, he leads his people to health and prosperity; as Fisher King, however, he becomes sick, and that sickness is... -
Carbon rich fly ash and their nanostructures
Numan Salah, Sami S. Habib, Zishan H. Khan, Ahmed Alshahrie, Adnan Memic, Attieh A. Al-ghamdi 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 9 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2016, Vol.19 3 23-31 (9 pages)
Carbon rich fly ash was recently reported to have compositions that are ideal for use as a precursor and catalyst for carbon nanotube growth. This fly ash powder is mostly composed of pure carbon, predominantly present as sp2. In this work, the effect of sonication time on the morphology and structural properties of carbon rich fly ash particles is reported. The obtained results show that ultrasound treatment is an effective tool for producing ultrafine particles/fragments with higher porosity,... -
Bulk graphite: materials and manufacturing process
Sang-Min Lee, Dong-Su Kang and Jea-Seung Roh 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 12 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2015, Vol.16 No.3 1 135-146 (12 pages)
Graphite can be classified into natural graphite from mines and artificial graphite. Due to its outstanding properties such as light weight, thermal resistance, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, chemical stability, and high-temperature strength, artificial graphite is used across various industries in powder form and bulk form. Artificial graphite of powder form is usually used as anode materials for secondary cells, while artificial graphite of bulk form is used in steelmaking...
