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Effect of changes in head postures during use of laptops on muscle activity of the neck and trunk
Seul-gi Lee, Ye-seb Lee, Yi-jung Chung 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 6 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2017, 제 6권 제 1호 6 33-38 (6 pages)
typing with accuracy and high speed. Muscle activities were randomly measured using surface electromyography according to each postures. Results: The research result had found that muscle activity with the natural head posture was more significantly reduced than that of the forward head posture in the sternocleidomastoid muscle, upper trapezius, cervical vertebral spinae, and thoracic vertebrae spinae muscles (p<0.05) and that the neutral head posture was more significantly reduced than that of... -
Effects of relaxation approach with self-exercise on head posture, static postural stability, and headache in persons with tension-type headache
Sang-Yong Park, Su-jin Hwang 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 7 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2016, 제 5권 제 4호 3 178-184 (7 pages)
weeks (60 min/3 times/1 wk). The participants were randomly allocated to the relaxation approach group (n=18) and the control group with conventional rehabilitation including thermotherapy and transcutaneous electrical stimulation for the same period (n=17). Outcome measures involved forward head posture (FHP), foot pressure, neck disability index(NDI), and six-item headache impact test (HIT-6). Results: Relaxation approach and control groups improved significantly in the amount of forward head... -
기능성 Ⅲ급 부정교합자에서 편도 절제술 전후의 pharyngeal airway, hyoid bone, head posture에 관한 연구
박원서(Won-Seo Park), 이진우(Jin-Woo Lee), 차경석(Kyung-Suk Cha) 대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 13 Pages
대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 1997, 제 27권 제 2호 6 231-243 (13 pages)
본 연구는 거대 편도를 가진 기능성 III급 부정교합자의 구개 편도 절제술 전후의 인두강, 설골, 두부 위치의 변화 양상에 대해 알아보기 위해 단국 대학교 부속 치과 병원 교정과에 내원한 남녀 환자 42명을 대상으로 연구하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. Enlarged tonsil을 보이는 기능성 3급 부정교합자는 1급 부정교합자보다 혀는 전방에 위치하고 설골은 하방에 위치한다. 2. Tonsillectomy 후에 편도 절제술전과 비교하여 혀는 후방에 위치하고, nasopharynx은 증가 양상을 보이며, 설골은 상,후방에 위치하며 counterclokwese... -
Osteokinematic analysis during shoulder abduction using the C-arm
Seung Hoo Lee, Young-hoon Kim, Dong Geon Lee, Kyeong-Bong Lee, Gyu Chang Lee 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 6 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2017, 제 6권 제 4호 9 208-213 (6 pages)
C-arm (anterior-posterior view) and was analyzed with computer-aided design. The starting posture was 15°, and as the participant abducted his shoulder measurements were taken and analyzed at 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and ending at 165°. A line was drawn perpendicularly to the line connecting the humeral head axis to the glenoid, and another line was drawn perpendiculary to the line connecting the scapular axis to the glenoid. The distance between the two lines measured is defined as the... -
The reliability of dual rehabilitative ultrasound imaging measurements for muscle co-activation
Joo-hee Hahn, Hyun-Geun Ha, Hwang-Jae Lee, Seung-yeop Lim, Wan-hee Lee 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 6 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2017, 제 6권 제 3호 8 152-157 (6 pages)
women). The participants sat on a chair in a comfortable position with a cushion placed under their elbow to maintain a 90-degree elbow flexion angle. The muscle thickness of the biceps brachii and triceps brachii was measured twice using the D-RUSI by two examiners during resting and co-contraction states. One week later, the same procedure was performed once again. Results: The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intra-rater reliability ranged from 0.887 to 0.989 and the confidence... -
The effect of visual information on gait parameters with induced ankle muscle fatigue
Hye Rim Suh, Jin-Hee Hwang, Su-Young Lee 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 6 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2017, 제 6권 제 3호 6 140-145 (6 pages)
and then gait parameters (step length, stride length, cadence, velocity, single limb support, and double limb support) were assessed by walking on the GAITRite system (CIR Systems Inc., USA). Subjects also performed the functional reach test (FRT) for assessment of dynamic balance. This study examined gait parameters and FRT scores in each visual block and open eyes condition. Results: The results showed that FRT scores with the visual block condition significantly decreased compared to without... -
The effect of Schroth’s three-dimensional exercises in combination with respiratory muscle exercise on Cobb’s angle and pulmonary function in patients with idiopathic scoliosis
Min-Jae Kim, Dae-Sung Park 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 7 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2017, 제 6권 제 3호 2 113-119 (7 pages)
group. The experimental group underwent SERME using SpiroTiger (Idiag, Switzerland), while the control group performed only the Schroth’s three-dimensional exercises (SE). Both groups performed exercises for one hour per day, three times a week for eight weeks. Cobb’s angle, pulmonary function (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume at one second, and peak expiratory flow) and FMS were measured before and after the experiment. Results: After intervention, the SERME group showed a... -
The effect of hip joint strengthening exercise using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on balance, sit to stand and walking ability in a person with traumatic brain injury
Du Kyo Jung, Yi-jung Chung 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 9 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2017, 제 6권 제 2호 8 96-104 (9 pages)
a soccor ball with the left lower extremity. The exercises were performed for 4 weeks, 5 days a week, for 60 minutes with the exercise intensity gradually increased according to the subject’s physical abilities. Results: As a result of the study, the patient demonstrated improvements in the physical examination, which were evaluated before and after intervention and included the manual muscle test, modified Ashworth scale, sensory assessment, coordination assessment, Berg balance scale, 5-time... -
The effects of performing squats on an inclined board on thigh muscle activation
Min-kwon Cho, Ju-Yeun Kang, Ji-Hoon Oh, Jun-Gu Wu, Eun-Byul Choi, Si-Eun Park, Matthew Choi 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 6 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2017, 제 6권 제 1호 7 39-44 (6 pages)
9 females) voluntarily participated in the study. All subjects randomly performed three different squat variations as follows: A squat performed with the ankle joint at 0° of incline, a squat performed with the ankle joint at 5° of incline, and a squat performed with the ankle joint at 10° incline. Muscle activity was measured using surface electromyography. Electrodes were placed on the VMO and BF to measure the muscle activity on the various ankle angles for comparison analysis. Results:... -
Comparison of multifidus and external oblique abdominis activity in standing position according to the contraction patterns of the gluteus maximus
Hyuk-Soon Choi, Su-Young Lee 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 7 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2016, 제 5권 제 1호 7 40-46 (7 pages)
the gluteus maximus contraction type, each position were maintained for 5 seconds with data collection taken place during middle three seconds. Muscle activation was measured in each position three times. Results: For the results of this study, there was no significant difference within three contraction patterns of the gluteus maximus (concentric, isometric, and eccentric) each both multifidus, both external oblique abdominis, and gluteus maximus. And there was no significant difference among... -
The effects of active release technique on the gluteus medius for pain relief in persons with chronic low back pain
Sa-jin Tak, Yong-woo Lee, Won-jae Choi, Gyu-chang Lee 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 4 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2013, 제 2권 제 1호 5 27-30 (4 pages)
on gluteus medius muscle trigger points. Outcome measures were conducted by pain intensity with a pain visual analogue scale and pressure pain threshold on gluteus medius. Results: Completion of the intervention, the visual analogue scale was decreased in ART group (p＜0.05). Also pressure pain threshold was decreased in ART group (p＜0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the response to ART may be usable to treat low back pain. ART was presented to reduce pain level of low back in people... -
c-fos mRNA Expression in the Vestibular System following Hypergravity Stimulation in Rats
GuangShiJin, JaeHyoLee, JaeHeeLee, MoonYoungLee, MinSunKim, YuanZheJin, JeongHoonSong, ByungRimPark 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 7 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2007, Vol.11 No.1 1 1-7 (7 pages)
markedly attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. Glutamate receptor antagonist also dramatically attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. These results indicate that expression of c-fos mRNA in response to hypergravity occurs in the vestibular related tissues of the central nervous system, in which peripheral vestibular receptors and glutamate receptors play an important role. The temporal pattern of c-fos mRNA expression depended on the duration of the hypergravity stimulus. -
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Heterodera schachtii and the Newly Recorded Cyst Nematode, H. trifolii Associated with Chinese Cabbage in Korea
Abraham Okki Mwamula, Hyoung-Rai Ko, Youngjoon Kim, Young Ho Kim, Jae-Kook Lee, Dong Woon Lee 한국식물병리학회 The Plant Pathology Journal 11 Pages
한국식물병리학회 The Plant Pathology Journal 2018, 34권 4호 4 297-307 (11 pages)
comparison of morphometric measurements of both infective juveniles and vulval cones of cysts showed significant differences between the two cyst nematodes. When total RNA and genomic DNA were extracted from a mixed field population, COI genes and ITS regions were clearly amplified with primers of the two Heterodera species, suggesting that Heterodera population collected from the Chinese cabbage field consisted of a mixture of two species. COI and ITS of H. trifolii were predominantly amplified... -
Effects of performing hip abduction and adduction during bridging exercise on trunk and lower extremity muscle activity in healthy individuals
Joo Young Hwang, Woo Young Ahn, Hyo Jae Kim, Je Hyun Woo, Woo Jin Choi, Jae Wook Park, Mi Young Lee 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 6 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2017, 제 6권 제 1호 3 14-19 (6 pages)
in this study. All subjects randomly performed three different bridge conditions as follows: general bridge exercise, isometric hip abduction (IHAB) with a blue Theraband (Hygenic Corp., USA), and isometric hip adduction (IHAD) with a Swiss ball (Hygenic Corp.). The muscle activities of bilateral erector spinae (ES), gluteus maximus (GM), biceps femoris (BF), and external oblique (EO) muscles during the bridge exercises were measured using sEMG. Subjects performed each of the three bridge... -
Reliability and validity of a personal computer based muscle viewer for measuring upper trapezius and transverses abdominis muscle thickness
Ju-Ri Jeong, Ju Hee Han, Ji-Eun Cho, Wan-hee Lee 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 7 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2016, 제 5권 제 3호 8 155-161 (7 pages)
UT and TrA muscles. Two examiners randomly obtained the images of all participants in 3 test sessions lasting 2days. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), standard error of measurement, contraction ratio, and correlation were used to estimate reliability and validity. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to analyze the relationship between muscle thickness measures taken from PC-BMW and P-US. Results: The intra-rater reliability ICCs of UT and TrA muscle thickness for the PC-BMW... -
A longitudinal positional changes of hyoid bone in Koreans with normal occlusion
Hyo-Sang Park 대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 13 Pages
대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 1996, 제 26권 제 6호 4 677-689 (13 pages)
and average growth changes of the hyoid bone in koreans with normal occlusion. The materials included cephalometric radiographs obtained on twenty six males and twenty two females over the period from 8.7 years to 16.7 years of age in average. The results of this study might be summarized as follows: • The mean value and standard deviation of each measurement were obtained in each age and gender. • The hyoid bone tended to positioned forwardly in female at the age of 12.7, 14.7, and... -
정상 교합자의 비인두와 Adenoid 성장에 관한 누년적 연구
지명주(Myung-Ju Ji), 박경덕(Kyung-Duk Park), 성재현(Jae-Hyun Sung) 대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 15 Pages
대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 1996, 제 26권 제 4호 5 373-387 (15 pages)
본 연구는 비인두와 adenoid의 성장발육 양상을 조사하여 부정교합자의 진단에 있어 비호흡 기능 평가시 유용한 기준을얻기 위하여 시행되었다. 남자 19명, 여자 14명, 총 33명의 정상 교합자를 대상으로 8.5세부터 18.5세까지 촬영된 10년간의 누년적 측모, 두부 X선 규격사진을 연구 자료로 비인두와 adenoid 부위의 거리와 면적 및 상대적 기도 비율을 계측 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 각 연령(8.5세-18.5세)에서 남녀별 각 계측항목의 평균과 표준 편차를 얻었다. 2. 비인두의 height와 depth는 남자에서 14.5세까지,... -
골격성 III급 부정교합자의 설골 위치와 기도에 대한 평가
손우성(Woo-Sung Son), 최양숙(Yang-Sook Choi) 대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 8 Pages
대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 1996, 제 26권 제 3호 3 247-254 (8 pages)
골격성 III급 부정교합자의 설골 위치와 기도를 평가하고 이들 사이의 상관관계를 알아보기 위해 부산대학교병원 치과교정과에 내원한 16세 이상의 환자 47명과 치과대학에 재학중인 학생 44명을 대상으로 측모 두부방사선규격사진을 촬영하고 설골의 위치에 대한 전후방적, 수직적 거리 및 각도와 기도의 크기, 하악의 위치에 대해 통계적으로 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. S-APH, A-APH, N-APH, LAH-PBR, AA-PNS, PNS-ad는 I급 부정교합군과 III급 부정교합군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 2. 설골은 III급 부정교합군에서... -
Snorer의 앙와위와 직립위에서의 상기도 크기
김종철(Jong-Chul Kim), 조홍규(Hong-Kyu Cho), 이계형(Gye-Hyeong Lee) 대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 10 Pages
대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 1996, 제 26권 제 1호 4 43-52 (10 pages)
Snorer와 정상인의 상기도 부위 연조직의 차이를 비교하며, 자세의 변화에 따른 snorer와 정상인의 상기도 부위 연조직 크기의 변화를 알아보고자 여성에서 snorer군 25명과 정상군 10명을 대상으로 직립위와 앙와위에서 측모 두부 방사선 계측 사진을 촬영한 후 연구개, 혀 및 상기도에 관한 거리와 면적을 계측하고 통계학적으로 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 직립위와 앙와위에서 snorer군은 정상군에 비해 혀의 길이가 길고 높이가 높았으며 기도가 좁고 길며 설골은 하방에 위치하였고 넓은 연구개와 좁은 hypopharynx를... -
골격성 III급 부정교합자의양악수술후 연조직 변화의 평가
조은정(Eun-Jung Cho), 양원식(Won-Sik Yang) 대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 16 Pages
대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 1996, 제 26권 제 1호 1 1-16 (16 pages)
본 연구는 골격성 III급 부정교합 환자에서 상악골 전방이동수술과 하악골 후방이동수술을 동시에 시행하였을 때 경, 연조직 측모 및 연조직 후경의 변화를 관찰하고 경, 연조직 변화의 상관성과 그 비율을 산출하여 교정 악교정 수술복합 치료 계획의 수립과 결과의 예측에 이용하고자 하였다. 서울대학교병원 치과진료부 교정과에 내원하여 상, 하악골의 수직적 골격 부조화는 경미하고 전후방적 골격 부조화가 심한 골격성 III급 부정교합으로 진단되어 술전 교정치료를 받고 1990년 7월부터 1995년 4월 중에 Le Fort I골절 단술 또는... -
Some Chronological Observations of Neuroses in Japan
Masahisa Nishizono 대한신경정신의학회 신경정신의학 6 Pages
대한신경정신의학회 신경정신의학 1973, 제 12권 제 4호 5 275-280 (6 pages)
神經症은 對人關係의 障害인만큼, 文化變容(acculturation) 의 影響을 받음으로서 心因의 特性이나 神經症 病像이 變化하기 쉽 다. 그래서 神經症의 心因이나 病像의 時代的 推移를 봄 으 로 싸 逆으로 特定한 社會의 文化 的 特徵을 볼수도 있다. 曰本國의 神經症의 時代的變遷을 觀察해 보 면 , 첫째로 古典的症狀이 있는 conversion hysteria 는 滅少하고 도 리혀 自律神經失調症狀등의 hypochondriasis 가 第二次 大戰을 고비로하여 最近 부쩍 늘어 나고 있다. 日本國의 文化와 깊은 關係가 있다고 알려져있는 Morita-Nervousness 는... -
두부하위(-6℃)로의 체위변동이 말초혈류에 미치는 영향
채의업(Chae, E-Up), 양선영(Yang, Seon-Young), 배재훈(Bae, Jae-Hoon), 송대규(Song, Dae-Kyu) 대한생리학회 대한생리학회지 16 Pages
대한생리학회 대한생리학회지 1990, 제 24권 제 1호 5 51-66 (16 pages)
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체위변화가 두부 및 하지의 분시혈류량에 미치는 영향
박원균(Park, Won-Kyun), 채의업(Chae, E-Up) 대한생리학회 대한생리학회지 16 Pages
대한생리학회 대한생리학회지 1985, 제 19권 제 2호 4 139-154 (16 pages)
기립 및 도립의 체위면화가 두부 및 하지의 혈액순환계에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고, atropine의 정주에 의한 부교감신경의 차단이 체위변화에 대한 심맥관계의 내성을 증가시키는 지를 보기위하여 개를 경사대에 수평위로 고정하여 수동적으로 기립 및 도립위로 체위를 변화시키고, 각 체위에서 10분간 유지시켜 경동맥, 외경정맥, 고동맥 및 고정맥의 분시 혈류량, 분시 심박수 및 분시 호흡수, 그리고 혈액의 pH, PCO2, PO2 및 Hct를 측정하였다. 다시 수평위에서 atropine 0.5mg을 1회 정주한 후 위의 실험과정을 반복하여 시행하고... -
유두체를 떼어버린 개의 접근-회피반응, 스트레스에 대한 반응 및 체온 변동
김철(Kim, Chul), 박로순(Park, Rho-Soon) 대한생리학회 대한생리학회지 8 Pages
대한생리학회 대한생리학회지 1968, 제 2권 제 1호 1 1-8 (8 pages)
유두체의 기능을 탐색하기 위하여 외과 수술에 의하여 유두체를 떼어버린 개를 마련하고 수술전에서부터 수술후에 걸쳐 다음의 세가지 실험을 실시하여 그 성적을 비교하였다. 첫째 실험에서는 먹이 먹는 개의 혀에 전기 충격을 가한다음 이어서 동물이 다시 먹이 그릇에 접근하기까지의 시간을 측정하여 동물이 무서움을 타는정도를 짐작하였으며, 둘째 실험에서는 높은 소리 (12,000 cps, 100 db)를 한 시간 동안 동물에게 들려 스트레스로 삼고 혈액 호산구 수의 변동을 추적하여 스트레스에 대한 반응의 지표로 삼았다. 셋째... -
시각장애 초등학생 생활적응기술 평가도구 개발
김영일 한국시각장애교육재활학회 시각장애연구 24 Pages
한국시각장애교육재활학회 시각장애연구 2009, 제 25권 4호 3 35-58 (24 pages)
이 연구에서는 시각장애초등학생 생활적응기술 평가도구를 개발하고, 심리 측정적 특성을 평가하였다. 시각장애초등학생 생활적응기술 평가도구의 개발 목적은 시각장애만 있는 학생과 시각중복장애가 있는 학생을 변별하고, 또한 각 집단의 학생이 보이는 생활적응기술의 강점과 보완점을 규명하는 것이었다. 시각장애초등학생 생활적응기술 평가도구는 문헌 고찰, 학생 관찰, 교사 자문회의 등을 기초로 개발하였고, 전국의 시각장애특수학교 11개교의 초등학생 전체 315명에 대한 담임교사들의 평가자료를 기초로 문항난이도, 문항... -
CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA PATIENTS IN THE UPRIGHT AND SUPINE POSITIONS
Jong-Chul Kim, Alan A Lowe 대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 10 Pages
대한치과교정학회 The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 1995, 제 25권 제 6호 1 655-664 (10 pages)
and RDI. Maxillary unit length, C3-H, the cross-sectional areas of tongue, soft palate and oropharynx were significantly greater in the group Obese than in non-obese group. No correlation was noted between the mandibular unit length and OSA severity. The group of small mandibular unit length showed shorter lower facial height and maxillary unit length, and smaller cross-sectional area of tongue than the long mandibular unit length group. Hyold bone positioned more inferiorly and cross-sectional... -
Kinematic analysis of rowing exercise using a motor-assisted rowing machine for rowers with spinal cord injury
Ju Ri Jeong, Bum Suk Lee, Dae-Sung Park 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 7 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2014, 제 3권 제 1호 12 69-75 (7 pages)
self-selected stroke rate with 50 watts. Two different rowing methods (static rowing without movementof the seat, dynamic rowing using MARM) were assigned to each participant during 10 minutes; 34 reflective markers were attached to their full bodies. Kinematic data were collected using the Vicon motion analysis system. Based on the full body model provided as a default by the equipment. In the rowing exercise, the rowing motions were divided into Drive Phase and Recovery Phase. Results: The two... -
Immediate effects of a neurodynamic sciatic nerve sliding technique on hamstring flexibility and postural balance in healthy adults
Jae-myoung Park, Jae-yun Cha, Hyun-jin Kim, Yasuyoshi Asakawa 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 5 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2014, 제 3권 제 1호 7 38-42 (5 pages)
5 times to all subjects’ dominant leg. The subjects were asked to sit on the bed while performing cervical and thoracic flexion, as well as knee flexion with ankle plantar flexion. Then, they were asked to perform cervical and thoracic extension and knee extension with their ankle in dorsiflexion and maintain the position for 60 s. For postural balance, we measured postural sway while the subjects maintained a one-legged standing posture using the Good Balance System and measured the hip joint... -
Effects of sling exercise and McKenzie exercise program on neck disability, pain, muscle strength and range of motion in chronic neck pain
Seung-Cheol Seo, Jin-Young Choi, Min-Young Joo, Je-Hoon Kim, Seul-Ki Chang 물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 9 Pages
물리치료재활과학회 Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science 2012, 제 1권 제 1호 8 40-48 (9 pages)
week period. And the other group were exercised McKenzie exercise (n=8) for 30 minutes per day, twice a week over a 4 week period. Neck disability index (NDI), Visual analog scale (VAS), algometer, digital manual muscle tester (MMT) and cervical muscle strength and cervical range of motion (ROM) are closely measured to identify the effect of sling exercise and McKenzie exercise. Results: For NDI, VAS, algometer on both trapezius, both rotation of cervical muscle strength, both lateral flexion of...
