Primary carcinoma of the bile duct is uncommon but not rare and its prognosis is poor even though long-term survival had been reported. The authors presented 62 cases of bile duct cancer, which were confirmed at YUMC from January 1971 to December 1981. The results were as follows : 1. The most prevalent age group was 6th decade and a male-to-female ratio was 1.9 : 1. 2. Jaundice was the most common clinical manifestations (84%), and followed by right-upper quardrant pain (66%), hepatomegaly (50%), weight loss (37%) etc. 3. The locations were in common bile duct (42%), Junction (16%), common hepatic duce (14%), diffuse involvement (14%) and intrahepatic duct near porta hepatis (10%) etc. 4. PTC were done in 35 cases, among which success rate was 98.4% and correct diagnosis was made in 32 cases finally overall diagnostic accuracy was 88.6%, and it revealed PTC was the most accurate diagnostic study in the diagnostic of the bile duct cancer. 5. ERCP were done in 35 cases, among which success rate was 74% and correct diagnosis was made in 19 cases, finally overall diagnostic accuracy was 71%. 6. Ultrasonography were done in 15 cases. Dilatation of common duct was noted in 12 cases, among which correct diagnosis was made in 3 cases and overall diagnostic accuracy was 20%. 7. The morphologic types of the bile duct cancer at the obstruction level in 32 cholangiogram were classified as follows : constricted (scirrhous) type in 75%, protuberant (nodular) type in 12.5%, diffuse infiltrating type in 9.4% and papilary (polypoid) type in 3.1%. 8. Overall diagnositc acuracy prior to surgery was 74%.