In order to find the effect of the storage time on the characteristics and sterol composition of the sesame seed, the characteristics, unsaponifiable matters, fractionation pattern of sterol and sterol compositions of 4-desmethylsterol on the sesame seed oil were analysed at the harvest time and after 56 months storage. The sample seed was kept in cotton bag within the natural dark store room. The oil content was decreased from 50.3g per 100g sesame seed at harvest time to 45.5g at 56 months stored. The acid value was increased sharply from 1.8 to 13.4 during the storage of sesame seed and iodine value was increased small, but saponification value and refractive index were hardly changed. The amount of unsaponifiables from 24.3mg to 20.9mg per gram on basis during storage time, and the 4,4-dimethylsterol and 4-monomethylsterol from unsaponifiables were decreased, otherwise, 4-desmethylsterol was increased. In the changes of sterol composition in the 4-desmethylsterol fraction from unsaponifiables, the compesterol and stigmasterol content were not nearly changed, otherwise, the sitosterol content was decreased from 51.0% to 48.2%, but the content of ${Delta}^5-avenasterol$ was increased from 15.2 % to 18.4% during the storage of sesame seed within 56 months.