it has been well established that percutaneous nephrostolithotomy is safe and effective method for the management of most urinary culculi at tenal pelvis, calyces and proximal ureter. Authors have experienced 29 cases of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy from Oct. 1986 to Sep. 1987, and analyzed the outcome and the complications of the procedures, Among the total 29 cases, there were 2complete failure of retained calculus fragements after ultrasonic lithotripsy. The complications associated with the profedure were rare. One case of pseudoaneurysm of renal arterial branch with gross hematuria was treated by renal arteriography and gelfoam embolization. One perirenal branch with gross hematuria was treated by renal arteriography and gelfoam embolization. One perirenal hematoma and one prolonged leakage of urine through the track wer improved by conservative management. We think that perutaneous nephrostolithotomy has its valus as a safe and effective method for the management of calculi at upper urinary tract and as a complementary modality to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.