We experienced 53 cases of tuberculous peripleural abscess, which had been proved by histopathological study, from Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1988. In 53 cases of abscesses, mean age was 25 years which was ranged from 1 year and 3 months old boy to 61 years old female [Male: Female=1.4: 1]. The location of the lesion was mainly right-sided [62%] and lateral predilection [53%]. In most of cases [85%], there was history of pulmonary tuberculosis and pleural thickening, but negative mycobacterial culture in the pus. Rib involved cases, confirmed by histopathologic examination, were 38.9% of all cases, which were all removed during operation. Combined pathologic lesions were all cleared at the same time, principally. There were 8 cases of recurred, of which at the same sided, 7 cases and contralateral sided, 1 case.