The Study was conducted to develope the low temperature tolerant methane-producing bacteria(LTTB) and to increase the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation for the treatment of agricultural and livestock wastes at low temperature. The samples were collected from muddy soil, water logged sediment, organic layer and anaerobic sludge at three latitudes, $34.8{sim}37.4;^{circ}N(Korea)$, $41.4;^{circ}N(USA)$ and $54.5{sim}56.9;^{circ}N(Canada)$. They were used for determination of the methanogenesis rates for isolation and identification of the LTTB. The methanogenesis rate of smaples at low temperature were higher in the cellulose medium than methanol medium. The methanogenesis rate in the samples of subarctic region were $15{sim}19$ moles/ml during 30 days at low temperature($8;^{circ}C$), whereas not detected in the samples of temperate region. The methanogenesis rate in the enrichment culture of subarctic samples were inhibited by the $40;{mu}g/ml$ of streptomycin + vancomycin or ampicillin + oleandomycin which were not effect to the methanogens. An inhabitation of high temperature tolerant methane producing bacteria was identified in the samples of temperate region, whereas that of the LTTB growing at $8{sim}13^{circ}C$ was identified in the subarctic region.