It is a well-known fact that most of the Korean school buildings has been adjusted by the standard plan according to the united and unified teaching method ever since the modern education started. However, seeing the recent growth of care for the open education, the effort to improve the teaching method in school fileds, the practice of the 6th education plan and the education reformation, it can be said that it is high time to change. As the number of schools which practice the open education has been increasing since in 1985 in this atmosphere, there have also appeared elementary schools with the open school building. But the general understanding of the school building and the open space is not enough. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the general spacial conditions, such as the fresh and diverse types of learning method and their development and the concept of the open space along with its types, application, size, and constition by studying, from the standpoint of the building plan, the elimentary schools of a new type in Japan which adopted the open space 20years earlier than in Korean. This study can offer helpful suggestions as to the Korean school building because our situation is very similar to the early stage where the open space is adopted to the school building.