효율적으로 국소마취를 유발시키는 procaine이온도입의 효과적인 농도를 조사하였다. 19세에서 34까지의 자원자 45명을 9명씩 무작위로 5군으로 나누어 배치하고, 각군 대상자의 오른쪽 전완 전면에 각각 $2\% (pH;5.2H),;4%(pH;5.12),;8\%(pH;4.98),;16\%(pH; 4.72),;32\%(pH;4.52)$ 염산 procaine용액 2ml를 적신 $3.5 imes3.5 cm$의 면패드를 대고 4mA로 10분간 양극 직류전류를 통전시켰다. 이온도입 직후부터 5분 간격으로 21 G주사침으로 이온도입부위를 1mm함몰되게 눌러 바늘로 찌르는 통증을 느낄 때까지 감각검사를 시행하여 국소마취지속시간을 측정하였다. Procaine의 농도에 따른 축소마취지속시간을 일원분산분석한 결과 유의한 차이를 보였으며 (F=5.83; df=4, 40; p<.001). 이를 사후검정한 결과 농도 $4\%$의 국소마취지속시간이 농도 $2\%,;8\%,;16\%,;32\%$보다 유의하게 길었다 (p<.01). 또한 상관분석 결과 약물의 농도는 국소마취지속시간과 상관관계가 없었다 (r=-0.41, NS). 본 연구 결과 $4\%$ 농도의 염산 procaine 용액의 이온도입이 국소마취지속시간을 가장 길게 유지하여 $4\%$ 염산 procaine 용액이 이온도입에 가장 효과적인 농도였음을 알 수 있었다.
The purpose of this study was to determine the of effective concentration of procaine iontophoresis for durarion of cutaneous local anesthesia. Forty-five healthy students with an age range of 19 to 34 years$(21pm2.7)$, were participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned into 5 groups. Bach 9 subjects received iontophoresis on the flexor surface of dominant forearm with soft cotton pad $(3.5 imes3.5cm)$ soaked in 2ml of $2\%$ (pH 5.28), $4\%$ (pH 5.12), $8\%$ (pH 4,98), $16\%$ (pH 4.72), $32\%$ (pH 4.52) procaine hydrochloride solution at 4mA for 10 minutes (total current 40mA min) using anodal direct current. The study was performed in a randomized, double-blind design, After procaine iontophoresis, the duration of anesthesia were evaluated at five minute intervals on five random locations in the iontophoretically area using a 21-gauge sterile hypodermic needle pressed with 1mm invagination unitl sharp pin-pricking pain sensation returned. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA to determine significant differences between groups. Duncan post hoc was performed at level .01. The relationship between anesthetic duration and procaine concentration was assessed with Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficients. ANOVA tests showed significant differences in the anesthetic duration between the concentration of procaine solution (p<.001). Procaine iontophoresis with $4\%$ concentration produced cutaneous Socal anesthesia of significantly longer duration(15.56 min) than iontophoresis with $2\%,;8\%,;16\%$, and $32\%$ of procaine GCl(p<.01). Whereas the anesthetic duration had no correlation with concentration of procaine solution (r=-0.41, NS). These results support the $4\%$ procaine solution was an effective concentration of iontophoresis for induced cutaneous local anesthesia.
