The Callicarpa japonica complex in Eastern Asia is considered a polymorphic species by its leaf characters which usually show a wide range of variation. Therefore, much taxonomic confusion has reigned within this group, especially in taxonomic circumscriptions and nomenclatures of taxa. Toidentify variation patterns of the C. japonica complex, 23 diagnostic characters were examined using 599 specimens. These were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA). From the results based on the analysis of the leaf characteristics, inflorescence, and geographical distribution patterns, the C. japonica complex can be divided into six infraspecific taxa which include var. japonica, var. luxurians, var. taquetii, var. angustata, var. japonica f. leucocarpa, and var. luxurians f. leucocarpa. The C. japonica complex distributed in Eastern Asia is extensively differentiated in leaf characters and inflorescence.