The effects of melting temperature and holding time on the critical current density($J_c$) of $YBa_2Cu_3O_x$ based superconducting bulk fabricated by MPMG process were investigated. The amount of the formed $Y_2BaCuO_5$ phases increased with the melting temperature. However, the value of critical current density was highest at 1120 $^{circ}C$. With this proper melting temperature, the effect of holding time on the critical characteristics was also investigated. In the case of Ag addition, the volume of the formed $Y_2BaCuO_5$ phase when the amount of Ag addition was 10 wt% and 20 wt% was observed to be highest at 20 minute and 40 minute respectively. But in the specimen without Ag, volume of $Y_2BaCuO_5$ phase increased as the holding time increased. The proper melting temperature and the holding time obtained were 1120 $^{circ}C$ and 20 minute. The long holding time was not effective for the $J_c$ improvement as well as the formation of $Y_2BaCuO_5$.