꽁치의 가식부를 가정에서 쓰이고 있는 조리방법 (pan frying, deep fat frying, steaming, microwave cooking)으로 조리를 한 후에 지방산 조성의 변화를 알아보았다. 꽁치의 총지방질 함량은 $21.87%{sim}30.63%$로 개체마다 차이가 있었지만, 지방산 조성 (평균값)은 $C_{22:1};(21.75%)>C_{20:1};(15.81%)>C_{16:0};(11.75%)>C_{22:6};(DHA,;10.61%)>C_{14:0};(7.04%)>C_{20:5};(EPA,;5.13%)$ 등의 순으로 주요 지방산을 구성하고 있었다. SFA에 대한 PUFA의 조성비는 1.07이었고, n-6 계열 PUFA에 대한 n-3 계열 PUFA의 조성비는 9.15로 꽁치는 n-3 계열 PUFA의 주요 공급원임을 보여 주었다. 조리를 한 후, 대표적인 n-3 계열 PUFA인 EPA와 DHA의 조성비 변화를 살펴보면 EPA는 pan frying한 후에는 6.98%, deep fat frying한 후에는 26.93%, steaming한 후에는 1.16%, microwave cooking한 후에는 15.12% 감소하였다. DHA역시 pan frying한 후에는 4.30%, deep fat frying한 후에는 15.99%, steaming한 후에는 3.26%, microwave cooking한 후에는 9.56% 감소하였다. 본 실험 결과 steaming 조리한 경우에서 EPA와 DHA 모두 가장 적은 감소율을 나타내었고, pan frying, microwave cooking, deep fat frying 순으로 감소율이 커졌다.
The edible portions of saury were cooked by pan frying, deep fat frying, steaming and microwave cooking to compare the compositions of fatty acids in cooked fish with those in raw fish. The total lipid in saury studied varied by each fish but ranged from 21.87% to 30.63%. The distribution of each fatty acid (average) was in order; $C_{22:1};(21.75%)>C_{20:1};(15.81%)>C_{16:0};(11.75%)>C_{22:6};(DHA,;10.61%)>C_{14:0};(7.04%)>C_{20:5};(EPA,;5.13%)$. The average ratio of PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids)/SFA (saturated fatty acids) in saury fillet was 1.07 and that of n-3/n-6 was 9.15, which showed saury might be a good source for PUFA including n-3 fatty acids. Comparing the effects of cooking on EPA and DHA, two of the most important n-3 PUFA, the decreasing rate of EPA were 6.98% (pan frying), 26.93% (deep fat frying), 1.16% (steaming) and 15.12% (microwave cooking), respectively. The decreasing rate of DHA ware 4.30% (pan frying), 15.99% (deep fat frying), 3.26% (steaming) and 9.56% (microwave cooking). This study showed that both EPA and DHA were reduced by steaming least, and pan frying, microwave cooking, deep fat frying most, in order.
