Effect of low dose gamma radiation on the growth of groundnut (Arachis hypognea L.) were investigated with respect to germination rate, seedling development and yield. Seeds of “Palpal” cultivar were irradiated with 0.5~20 Gy of ${gamma}$ radiation in order to determine the hermetic effect of low dose radiation. The germination rate of ${gamma}$-ray irradiation group was lower than that of the control but the seedling height of groundnut grown from seeds irradiated with low dose ${gamma}$-ray was slightly higher than that of the control. The number of pod and kernels, and the seed yield increased by 27%, 17% and 19 %, respectively, in the 12.0 Gy irradiation group compared to that in the control group. The 100 seed weight was 87.2 g in the 4.0 Gy irradiation group, which was 11% heavier than 78.3 g in the control group. Low dose radiation showed an enhancement effects on the growth and yield components of groundnut.