The addition of a limited concentration of yeast extract to a minimal salt medium (MSM) enhanced cell growth and increased the production of curdlan whereas nitrogen-limitation was found to be essential for the higher production of curdlan by Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31749. As the amount of the inoculum increased, the cell growth as well as the production of curdlan also increased in the MSM without a nitrogen source. The cell growth and production of curdlan increased as the initial pH of the medium decreased as low as 5.0. The conversion rate and concentration of curdlan from 2% (w/v) glucose in the MSM with concentrated cells under nitrogen deletion was 67% and 13.4 g/L, respectively. The highest conversion rate of curdlan under the conditions optimized in this study was 71% when the glucose concentrations was 1% (w/v).