속리산 국립공원 내 용바위골 지역(a.s.1. 560∼640 m)의 신갈나무림에서 토양에 축적된 유기탄소, 질소, 인 및 칼륨의 함량을 측정하고 또 O1son(1963)의 부지수곡선 모델을 적용하여 낙엽의 분해상수(k)와 분해시간(t)를 측정하였다. 유기탄소량은 L층 231.25 g $m^{-2}$, F층 291.50 g $m^{-2}$, H층 166.91 g $m^{-2}$, 그리고 $A_1$층 174.51 g $m^{-2}$, 로 L층과 F층에서 높은 함량을 보였고, 질소함량 역시 L층과 F층에서 각각 17.47 mg $g^{-1}$, 17.00 mg $g^{-1}$으로 많았으며, 인과 칼륨함량은 H층과 $A_1$층에서 433.34 mg $g^{-1}$ 392.74 mg $g^{-1}$ 및 2,323.31 mg $g^{-1}$, 2,155.57 mg $g^{-1}$으로 다른 토양층에 비하여 많았다. 토양 속 유기물의 분해상수는 유기탄소 k = 0.3657, 질소 k = 0.3319, 인 k = 0.2050, 칼륨 k = 0.0934이였고, 99%가 분해되는데 소요되는 시간은 유기탄소 13.94년, 질소 15.18년, 인 24.79년 그리고 칼륨 55.11년으로 순환 cycle이 없는 칼륨이 분해되는데 가장 오랜 시간이 소요되는 것으로 측정되었다. 신갈나무림에서 매년 유입되는 영양염류량과 집적층에 축적되는 영양염류량을 Turbo Pascal로 Programming한 후 신갈나무 군락의 상태를 진단해 본 결과, 임상에 유입된 유기탄소 중 87.67%인 714.84 mg $g^{-1}$, 축적된 유기탄소 중 81.62%인 1,594.62 g mg $g^{-1}$이 분해되어 유입되는 양과 분해되는 양이 거의 비슷하였다. 질소, 인 그리고 칼륨도 유입되는 영양염류량과 분해되는 영양염류량이 비슷하여 안정상태(steady state)를 유지하고 있는 군락으로 판단되었다.
The content of nutrients such as organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulated on soil layers in Quercus mongolica forest of Mt. Songnisan National Park located at central part of Korea was measured, and then the decomposition constants and decay times of the nutrients were also calculated by the negative coefficience model(O1son,1963). The quantities of organic carton of L-layer, F-layer, H-layer and $A_1$-layer of the forest stand were 231.25 g $m^{-2}$, 291.50 g $m^{-2}$,166.91 g$m^{-2}$ and 174.51 g $m^{-2}$, respectively. The content of organic carbon and nitrogen contained in L-layer and F-layer showed large quantity than those of other layers. The large amount of phosphorus and potassium was observed at the B-layer and $A_1$-layer. On the other hand, the decomposition constants(k) of soil organic matter were as follows : organic carbon (k = 0.3657), nitrogen (k = 0.3319), phosphorus (k = 0.2050), and potassium (k = 0.0934) and the decay times needed to 99% decomposition of nutrients in soil organic matter were as follows: that is, organic carton, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 13.94 years, 15.18 years, 24.79 years, and 55.11 years, respectively. By the application of Turbo Pascal Program on the inflowed and outflowed nutrients to the forest stand,87.67% (714.84 g $m^{-2}$) of organic carbon inflowed was decomposed and 81.62% (1,594.62 g $m^{-2}$) of organic carbon accumulated was decomposed. And 84.98% of nitrogen inflowed was decomposed and 70.26% of nitrogen accumulated was also decayed.50.00% of phosphorus input and 40.31% of potassium input were decomposed, and 38.40% of phosphoyus and 33.03% of potassium accumulated were also decayed, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that Quercus mongolica forest surveyed in the present study is maintaining in steady state because input and output amounts of nutrients is shown a similar pattern.
