A review is made on the chemical vapor deposition polymerization (CVDP) of insoluble and infusible poly(arylenevinylene)s and its applications to nanoscience. Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV), poly(naphthylenevinylene)s, poly(2,5-thinenylenevinylene) (PTV), and other homologous polymers containing oligothiophenes could be prepared by the CVDP method in the form of films, tubes, and fibers of nano dimensions. They would be readily converted to graphitic carbons of different structures by thermal treatment. Field emission FE) of carbonized PPV nanotubes, photoconductivity of carbonized PPV/PPV bilayer nanotubes and nanofilms also were studied.