Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analysis the effects of a structured drug education program on knowledge and medication compliance for hemodialysis patients. Method: Hemodialysis patients were recruited from a kidney center, at a university hospital located in G city, Korea. Thirty subjects in the control group received no intervention and 30 subjects in the experimental group received a structured drug education program. Result: There were significant increases in medication knowledge and medication compliance in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: According to the above results, this education program for hemodialysis patients increased knowledge and medication compliance. These findings suggest that a structured drug education program can be used as an efficient nursing intervention for hemodialysis patients.