The conventional reliability based design optimization(RBDO) methods require high computational cost compared with the deterministic design optimization(DO) methods, therefore it is hard to apply directly to large-scaled problems such as an aerodynamic shape design optimization. In this study, to overcome this computational limitation the efficient RBDO procedure with the two-point approximation(TPA) and adjoint sensitivity analysis is proposed, that the computational requirement is nearly the same as DO and the reliability accuracy is good compared with that of RBDO. Using this, the 3-D aerodynamic shape design optimization is performed very efficiently.