This study investigates the effects of vanity and marital satisfaction on four aspects of clothing behavior. The data were collected from 258 housewives in Suwon and Seoul, and analyzed using factor analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, t-test, multiple regression analysis, and a reliability test. The results of this study were as follows. 1) Three factors of vanity were identified (concern for physical appearance, concern for achievement, and positive view of physical appearance/achievement). Based on these three factors, the respondents were classified into three clusters. 2) Three factors of marital satisfaction were identified (relationship with husband, satisfactory life, and unsatisfactory life). Based on these three factors, the respondents were classified into two clusters. 3) There were significant differences in four aspects of clothing behavior according to the vanity clusters. 4) There was only significant difference in the sex appeal of clothing according to the marital satisfaction clusters. In conclusion, vanity was an important variable to influence fashion, exhibitionism, body improvement, and sex appeal of clothing behavior. The marital satisfaction significantly affected exhibitionism and body improvement for clothing behavior.