The present study was aimed to evaluate the soil microbial communities by fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) method in paddy soils at 20 sites in Gyeongnam Province. The soil microbial biomass carbon content of fan and valley $1,266mg;kg^{-1}$ was higher than alluvial plain $578mg;kg^{-1}$ (p<0.05). In addition, The dehydrogenase activity of fan and valley $204{mu}g;TPF;g^{-1};24h^{-1}$ was higher than alluvial plain $93{mu}g;TPF;g^{-1};24h^{-1}$ (p<0.05). The communities of total bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria in the fan and valley paddy soils were significantly higher than those in the alluvial plain paddy soils (p<0.05). Total bacteria communities should be considered as a potential responsible factor for the obvious microbial community differentiation that was observed between the fan and valley and alluvial plain in paddy soils.