This study investigates the combined effect of fiber addition and fireproofing protection board on fire resistance of high strength concrete. For fiber addition, the fiber type combining polypropylene and nylon (polylon) was selected based on previous work to achieve the optimum level of fire resistance. For thermal barriers, to achieve full fire resistance and to avoid falling-off from substrate concretes during fire exposure, constituents, mixture proportion and installation were also chosen based on previous work. Different contents of the fibers and different thicknesses of the thermal barriers were applied to concrete specimens. Fire tests were conducted according to the standard heating curve of ISO-834. Test results showed that the concrete with a single use of fiber addition could resist spalling, but resulted in the failure of a minimum temperature limit regulated by a fire code. These results were constantly observed, regardless of fiber content. In addition, the concrete with a single use of thermal barriers protected the substrate concrete from spalling, but deteriorated residual properties after fire exposure. However, this study found that the concrete with the application of both fiber addition and thermal barriers together significantly improved the fire resistance and residual properties of the concrete. In particular, the residual strength of the concrete with fiber addition and thermal barriers was enhanced 30 to 40% higher than the concrete with fiber addition only, which implies that this simultaneous application makes the substrate concrete after fire exposure equal to the control concrete at room temperature in terms of the level of residual strength.