Reports on population movement(2000-2030) by the National Statistical Office show that the number of elementary school age population will be decreased by 1.4million from 2005 to 2020. It would effect both school size and the policies for school facilities, which have focused on downsizing class as the high standard of OECD nations. As the unfolding evidence is emerging that a number of schools and classes will be emptied out by 2030, each school district is concerned with re-arrangement of the schools in community. This study aims at developing the proper distance for student to walk and from school in order to arrange efficiently new schools in urban housing sites. In doing so, it explores the relationship between the student walking distance and the changing factors. It proposes five factors such as the population per household, population density, gross area of school district, student density and the school size. As the result of the statistic analysis on the correlation coefficient, it finds out that the student walk distance has a close correlation with the student density of the school and has a contra-relationship with the population density in the school community. After gathering information about walking distance standard at home and abroad and investigating the distances of the elementary students in Incheon Metropolitan City, this study suggests 1500 meter as the proper distance for student from house to school. The result would be expected to help more reasonable decision-making for new school construction and the re-placement of the existing schools.