This study determined the factors that contributed to role performance by childcare teachers in Korea. Questionnaire data were gathered from 425 childcare teachers. Statistical analyses consisted of t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$acute{e}$ and hierarchical regression analysis. There were no differences in the role performance of childcare teachers by age and experience. Differences were evident by education level and workplace type. Role performance was most affected by the internal-external control followed by emotional intelligence. The findings of this study are pertinent to childcare policy makers.