독도에 자생하고 있는 식물의 뿌리로부터 내생진균의 분리를 시도하여, 동도로 부터 참억새, 돌피, 쇠무릎과 서도에서 갯별꽃 및 율무쑥등을 연구재료로 사용하였다. 총 21종의 내생진균을 분리하였고, universal primers ITS-1과 ITS-4를 사용하여 ITS 영역을 PCR로 증폭하여 동정하였다. 염기서열 분석결과, 동도에 자생하는 참억새에서는 Penicillium 속 균주가 75%, Aspergillus 균주가 25%, 분리되었고, 돌피에서는 Penicillium 속 균주가 55%, Aspergillus 속 균주가 30%, Zygorhynchus 속 균주가 15%가 분리되었으며, 쇠무릎에서는 Penicillium 속 균주가 50%, Aspergillus 속 균주가 12%, Gibberella 속 균주가 13%, Talaromyces 속 균주가 9%, Umbelopsis 속 균주가 8% 분리되었다. 서도에 자생하는 갯별꽃에서는 Penicillium 속 균주가 76%, Pestalotiopsis 속 균주가 24% 분리되었고, 율무쑥에서는 Penicillium 속 균주가 81%, Mucor 속 균주가 19% 분리되었다. Bioassay결과, 돌피에서 분리된 Ec-3-1균주가 식물생장촉진활성을 나타내었다. 그리고 독도의 5종류 식물에서 Penicillium 속의 내생진균이 가장 많이 존재함을 알 수 있었다.
Endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots of plants growing naturally on the island of Dokdo. Plant samples, such as Miscanthus sinensis, Achyranthus japonica and Echinochloa crusgali were isolated from Dongdo, and those such as Honkenya peploides and Artemsia koidzumii were isolated from Seodo. Twenty one strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from these plants. To identify the strains, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification of the partial ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) regions was done with universal primers ITS-1 and ITS-4 to determine the nucleotide sequence of the ITS regions. Of the strains isolated from Miscanthus sinensis, 75% were Penicillium sp. and 25% were Aspergillus sp. Fifty five percent of strains isolated from Achyranthus japonica were Penicillium sp., 30% were Aspergillus sp. and 15% were Zygorhynchus sp. Strains isolated from Echinochloa crusgali were Penicillium sp. (50%), Aspergillus sp. (12%), Giberella sp. (13%), Talaromyces sp. (9%) and Umbelopsis sp. (8%). Of the strains isolated from Honkenya peploides, 76% were Penicillium sp. and 24% were Pestalotiopsis sp. Strains isolated from Artemisia koidzumii were Penicillium sp. (81%) and Mucor sp. (19%). As a result of bioassay, Ec-3-1 strain isolated from Echinochloa crusgalli showed plant growth-promotion activity. Of all the endophytic fungi isolated, Penicillium sp. was the most abundantly distributed fungal strain in all plants used in this study.
