Background: In Korea, a healthy 36-year-old man developed acute interstitial pneumonitis soon after inhaling a waterproofing spray which he had applied at home to his outdoor jacket. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to review cases of varying degrees of respiratory toxicity and poisoning in connection with the use of waterproofing spray and summarize major reasons for cases of poisoning. Methods: We searched articles reporting on a combination of a waterproofing agent and/or respiratory symptoms, including acute respiratory syndrome, lung injury, pneumonia, pulmonary toxicity, and respiratory disease. Results: We reviewed a number of cases of varying degrees of respiratory toxicity and poisoning resulting from inhalation of waterproofing spray containing fluorocarbon co-polymer, solvents and propellants reported in a variety of countries. The literature searches concluded that among the ingredients of waterproofing agents, fluorinated polymer may cause acute respiratory health effects. Conclusion: Environmental policy should be implemented in order to prevent consumers from using household and industrial products including waterproofing agents. In addition, a national surveillance system should be created to collect cases of poisoning caused by the use of consumer products.