Objective: This study was undertaken to determine the effect of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-$1{alpha}$ on the cell death, autophagy, and invasion of trophoblasts. Methods: To understand the effect of HIF-$1{alpha}$, we inhibited HIF-$1{alpha}$ using siRNA under normoxia and hypoxia conditions. Invasion assay and zymography were performed to determine changes in the invasion ability of HIF-$1{alpha}$. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed to determine some of the signal events involved in apoptosis and autophagy. Results: There was no difference in cell death through the inhibition of HIF-$1{alpha}$ expression by siRNA; however, the expression of LC3 and autophagosome formation increased. On the other hand, autophagy was increased, and the invasive ability of trophoblast cells decreased according to the inhibition of HIF-$1{alpha}$ expression by siRNA. These experimental results mean that HIF-$1{alpha}$ genes regulate the invasive ability of trophoblasts by increasing autophagy. Conclusion: This study contributes important data for understanding the mechanism of early pregnancy implantation and the invasive ability of trophoblasts by defining the relationship between the roles of HIF-$1{alpha}$ and autophagy.