한국 남해연안해역에서 분리한 유독와편모조류 $Alexandrium$ $tamarense$와 $Alexandrium$ $catenella$의 성장에 영향을 미치는 수온과 염분의 특성을 실내 배양실험을 통해 살펴보았다. 수온은 10, 15, 20, 25, $30^{circ}C$의 5단계, 염분은 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 psu의 6단계를 조합한 총 30단계의 조건에서 성장속도 변화를 관찰하였다. 최대성장속도를 보이는 수온과 염분은 $A.$ $tamarense$에서 $15^{circ}C$와 30 psu, $A.$ $catenella$에서 $25^{circ}C$와 30 psu로 나타났다. 또한 최적성장조건은 $A.$ $tamarense$에서 $10-20^{circ}C$, 25-35 psu이고, $A.$ $catenella$에서 $20-30^{circ}C$, 25-35 psu였다. 얻어진 수온과 염분의 조건을 이용하여 중회귀분석에 의해 예측 모델식을 계산한 결과, $A.$ $tamarense$는 ${mu}=0.04+0.0193T-0.0339S-0.0005T^2+0.0021S^2+0.00073TS-0.000022T^3-0.000038S^3+0.00000086TS^2-0.0000255T^2S$이며, $A.$ $catenella$는 ${mu}=1.01-0.1288T-0.0778S+0.0067T^2+0.0038S^2+0.00204TS-0.0001T^3-0.000059S^3-0.0000131TS^2-0.0000392T^2S$로 나타났으며, 예측값과 실험값 사이에는 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구결과는 수온과 염분의 현장관측 값을 이용하여 성장속도를 추정할 수 있기 때문에, $A.$ $tamarense$와 $A.$ $catenella$의 개체군 확대를 이해하는데 도움이 될것으로 기대된다.
Effects of temperature and salinity on the growth of the toxic dinoflagellate $Alexandrium$ $tamarense$ and $A.$ $catenella$ isolated from the southern coast of Korea were examined in the laboratory. Growth experiment was conducted under the following combinations of temperature and salinity; 10, 15, 20, 25 and $30^{circ}C$, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 psu at a constant irradiance of 300 ${mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}s^{-1}$. Temperature and salinity conditions for maximum growth rate were indicated as follows: temperature $15^{circ}C$ and salinity 30 psu (0.31 $d^{-1}$) in $A.$ $tamarense$, temperature $25^{circ}C$ and salinity 30 psu (0.36 $d^{-1}$) in A. catenella. Temperature and salinity ranges for optimum growth condition of two species were $10{sim}20^{circ}C$, 25~35 psu and $120{sim}30^{circ}C$, 25~35 psu, respectively. The result of two-factor ANOVA indicated significant effects (P<0.001) of temperature and salinity on the growth rate, and two species were more effected by a temperature than a salinity on the growth. In addition, prediction equations were obtained through the multiple regressions of the specific growth rates as ${mu}=0.04+0.0193T-0.0339S- 0.0005T^2+0.0021S^2+0.00073TS-0.000022T^3-0.000038S^3+0.00000086TS^2-0.0000255T^2S$ in $A.$ $tamarense$ and ${mu}=1.01-0.1288T-0.0778S+0.0067T^2+0.0038S^2+0.00204TS-0.0001T^3-0.000059S^3-0.0000131TS^2-0.0000392T^2S$ in $A.$ $catenella$. Correlation coefficient between experimental values and simulated values was highly indicated. These results seem to provide information for understanding the spreading mechanism of $A.$ $tamarense$ and $A.$ $catenella$.
