To provide the basic data for the reasonable lightweight concrete mixture design model, a test with a mixture ratio of 18 was conducted with the maximum coarse aggregate size, water-binder ratio and type of the lightweight concrete as main parameters. The slump and air content were measured from the uncured concrete, and the compression strength by age, air content, tensile strength, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity were measured from the cured concrete. The measured kinetic characteristics were compared with the design standard to evaluate the structural safety. The test results showed that the initial slump and air content of the lightweight concrete were higher with a smaller maximum size of the coarse aggregate. The water-binder ratio had a significant effect on the kinetic characteristics of the lightweight concrete, but the maximum size of the coarse aggregate did not. This was because the failure of the lightweight concrete penetrated the aggregate, and the resistance effect of the low-strength aggregate decreased. The test results were properly evaluated according to the ACI 318-11 design standard on the modulus of elasticity of the lightweight concrete.