Over the last 30 years or so, it has been recognized that neurologic disorders could impair laryngeal function, and that neurogenic etiology could be discerned frequently. This has led collaborations between laryngologists and neurologists and focus on the management of neurogenic dysfunction of the larynx and pharynx, including central and peripheral disorder. The author introduced anatomical structure, nerve distribution and neurophysiology of the larynx for understanding its basic functions. The symptoms, diseases from laryngeal dysfunction and the development of diagnosis and management were also discussed.