This experiment was carried out to determine the forage production and soil characteristics in mixtures of barley and annual legumes at riverbed. The dry matter (DM) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) in barley and hairy vetch mixture were higher compared to other mixtures. Barley, single cropping was the highest in DM content. Comparing different mixtures, barley and crimson clover mixture was higher than other mixtures in DM contest. The crude protein (CP) content of barely and hairy vetch mixture was highest, but ether extract (EE) and TDN contents were lower than other mixtures. Barely and hairy vetch mixture significantly removed organic matter and phosphorus from riverbed through forage production (P<0.05). The total nitrogen (TN) of barley and hairy vetch mixture was highest because of high nitrogen fixation in riverbed soil. Single barley was highest in organic matter (OM) of soil. Comparing different mixtures, barley and crimson clover mixture was higher than other mixtures in OM contest. The available P2O5 of soil in barley and crimson clover mixture and barley and rape mixture were higher than others, and that of barley and hairy vetch was lower than other mixtures. The barely and hairy vetch mixture was highest in cation exchange capacity (CEC) content. Therefore barley and hairy vetch mixture is more suitable in forage mixtures because of high forage production and protein, and reduction of soil phosphorus in riverbed.