In the present paper, we review recycling and applications of titanium binary alloy scraps. The recycling techniques are to successfully prepare low oxygen content ingots using hydrogen plasma arc melting (HPAM) and to produce low oxygen content titanium alloy powders by Hydrogenation-dehydrogenation (HDH) and Deoxidation in solid state (DOSS) process. In addition, as applications of the titanium binary alloy scraps, Ti based solid-solution carbide powders, which would be used for producing Ti based solid-solution cermets with high toughness, were prepared using the titanium binary alloy scraps. These results confirmed that the titanium alloy scraps could be recycled and refined using the HPAM. The resulting oxygen content of the titanium alloy powders were below 1,000 ppm after powderizing. Finally, we had confirmed that the refined titanium alloy powders were able to be utilized as raw materials for preparing the toughened cermets.