Cellular senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is often induced during in vitro expansion, by multiple experimental stimuli including oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated expression of senescence-associated proteins including SIRT1after inducing premature senescence of MSCs with hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$). We also analyzed the effect of resveratrol (RSV) on premature senescence. We found that $H_2O_2$ triggered the recruitment of RCK (p54) to P-bodies in MSCs. Premature senescence of MSCs in response to $H_2O_2$ induced a decrease in SIRT1expression and activity (indirectly identified by measuring H3-K9ac). Cellular expression of p21 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 kinases were increased in response to $H_2O_2$, whereas phosphorylation of pRb was decreased. In contrast, RSV pretreatment resulted in a decrease in the premature senescence of MSCs. In addition, RSV pretreatment before exposing cells to $H_2O_2$ not only alleviated changes in the levels of proteins that were sensitive to the $H_2O_2$ treatment (SIRT1, p21,ERK1/2 and p38) but also inhibited the decrease of SIRT1 induced by nicotinamide (NAM). Our results suggest that MSCs may exhibit an increased tolerance for $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress via the senescence-associated proteins that are regulated by RSV.