Among 120 Colletotrichum spp. and Bacillus spp. isolated from diseased red pepper fruits in Korea, 84 isolates were identified C. gloeosporioides. Bacillus sp. IUB066-22 showed strong inhibition effect on mycelial growth and spore germination of C. gloeosporioides and Botrytis cinerea. The strain was identified as B. licheniformis IUB066-22 by physiological, biochemical characteristics and Microlog analysis. The optimal cultivation temperature was 30ºC for 36 hrs in LB broth with pH 8.0. Red pepper fruits treated with C. gloeosporioides showed symptoms of anthracnose, while those treated with the crude extract and C. gloeosporioides did not show the symptom. Therefore, the antifungal substances of B. licheniformis IUB066-22 investigated in this study have potential as biocontrol agents in the future.