Precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) is conventionally produced through the gas–solid–liquid process and can be divided into three polymorphs: calcite, aragonite, and vaterite. Calcite is easily synthesized, because it is the thermodynamically stable phase at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Aragonite is a metastable phase, while vaterite is a very unstable phase. PCC is used as filler in rubber, plastic, paint, and paper products. In particular, aragonite PCC is used in car bumpers and dashboards as filler incorporated with thermoplastic and polypropylene resins. This paper presents a review on producing of various structure of PCC. A review of various process parameters (concentration of Ca(OH)2, flow rate of CO2, reaction temperature, hydration temperature, additives, seed, Mg ion, Na2CO3, and pH) related to the formation of PCC are presented. The more the concentration of Ca(OH)2 increases, the more the particle size of PCC increases. The calcite is the main crystal phase at an about 30℃ reaction temperature, and the aragonite is mainly produced at an about 80℃ reaction temperature. In addition, the initial hydration temperature of CaO affects the particle diameter of Ca(OH)2 and the particle size and crystal phase of PCC. The higher the concentration of PAA(additive) is, the more the particle diameter of PCC increases and the more aragonite can be obtained. Because the Mg2+ ion acts as a cause of suppressing the growth of calcite, the yield of aragonite increases with Mg2+ increases. pH has an effect on the structure of PCC, it is judged that a study on the adjustment of PCC shapes using a buffer solution will be necessary in the future.