The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the activities integrating mathematics and
role-play on preschoolers' mathematical learning including concept formation and motivation. For this
purpose, 32 four-year-old children in two classes of a kindergarten located in D city participated in the
present study. Among them, one class of 17 children was arbitrarily assigned into an experimental group
and the other class of 15 children into a comparison group. The experimental group did the mathematics
activities that were integrated with role-play, while the comparison group participated in mathematics
activities and role-play separately. Their participation in two different types of mathematics activities lasted
for 9 weeks. The results of this research are summarized as follows. First, the experimental group
performed better on the mathematical concept formation than the comparison group, and also showed
greater increases on all four sub-tests such as algebra, numbers and calculation, measurement, and space
and shape. Second, the experimental group showed higher motivation in mathematics learning than the
control group, and also showed greater increases on the motivation sub-scales including self-confidence,
leaning enthusiasm, learning efficacy, and math preference. These results suggest that the activities
integrating mathematics and role-play should be considered an effective instructional method for
preschoolers.