In practical terms, the original purpose of philosophy is to contribute to the
vitality and direction to human life. That is, philosophy has the power of
practical wisdom that heals the pain and scars of a human being’s soul. The
discussion of this paper regarding happiness begins with such a philosophical
point of view. From a practical philosophical viewpoint, if happiness is able to
give vitality and direction to the lives of human beings, it is, itself, a mode of
healing. Since people are able to live a healthy life only if they think they are
happy, happiness makes people well.
Then what is happiness? Among the various typical concepts of happiness,
Aristotle’s teleological view is core. For him, the objective standard of
happiness lies not in the question ‘What is complete happiness?’, but rather in
the question ‘What is true happiness?’ For true happiness, in its very nature,
must be conceptually and fundamentally complete, eternal, and continuous.
Aristotle’s Eudaimonism is closely connected to his understanding of human
nature. In other words, the fulfillment of the nature of human beings is directly
connected to happiness. For Aristotle, true happiness lies in a life of pure
contemplation, that is, a life that displays intelligence to the highest degree.
However, the self-reflective power of pure contemplation as “thinking of
thinking”(noēseōs noēsis) belongs only to the nature of a deity. If happiness
lies in pure contemplation, it seems beyond the scope of limited human beings.
For human beings, pure contemplation is only potential, not actual. This does
not mean, however, that because human happiness is always imperfect a person
is unable to be happy or that a person’s happiness is fundamentally imperfect.
Rather, it means that a human being has by nature a mode of existence that
endlessly realizes happiness.