The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in elementary school children’s human rights sensitivity and the perception of human rights depending on child variables, family variables, school variables, and predictive influences among these variables. The participants were 1,364 elementary school children in the ‘Current Status of Korean Children's and Youth's Rights(2013)'. The results of this study were as follows: First, the variables influencing children's human rights sensitivity were school life experience, grade, the degree to which adolescents think they are respected in deciding family issues, gender, experiences of teacher's swear words, experiences of being neglected, and experiences of being bullied at school. Second, the variables influencing children's perception of human rights were gender, experiences of parents' swear words, school life experience, the degree to which adolescents think they are respected in deciding family issues, and father's educational achievements. The results of this study offered fundamental data about the important issues in researching children's rights and the policy implications for enhancing them.