This study examined natural disaster and disaster preventing education provided through the elementary social studies subject in Japan with the intention of identifying the contents and the principle in organizing the contents of education. For this, the elementary textbooks on social studies published by Nihon Bunkyou Shupan were analyzed. Japanese elementary textbooks on social studies were intended to help students understand the impact of the natural disaster mostly by using earthquake and tsunami as the example, give guidelines on what to do when a natural disaster takes place, and prepare students through preventive drills reflecting various circumstances so that students can subjectively cope with the disaster. The expanding environment principle was applied to the contents concerning natural disasters and the scope of study was expanded from local area to Japanese territory while students moved on from middle grades to high grades, however, flexibly in part. Here, the spiral curriculum principle was applied to repeat and intensify the contents dealt with in the middle grades also in high grades, and the contents were arranged in a way that students in middle grades would learn about the region and those in high grades, learn by the region. Furthermore, the textbooks considered the integration between disciplines and scopes on natural disaster and disaster preventing theme.