The purpose ofthis research is to clarify the transition ofthe children’5 knowledge of fairy tales and folktales and the involvement of the family in 2010 through comparing the results of the study conducted in 1990 and 2000. The research subjects for this study were 259 kindergarten students and their parents. The results of this research verified the following * During the 10 years from 1990 to 2000, the interest of kindergarten students toward fairy tales and folktales declined dramatically, and during the 10 years from 2000 to 2010, the interest of 1 st and 2nd year kindergarten students declined even more. * The mothers knowledge of fairy tales and folktales did not change in 20 years from 1990. However, the occasions of telling their children the stories show decline over time from 1990 to 2000, and 2000 to 2010. * Many of the wrong answers about fairy tales and folktales from the kindergarten students were that they remember similar sounds or sounds they know instead of the sounds * Although there are a few, but some of them thought that popular cartoon characters are also in fairy tales and folktales.