This study aimed to examine the status of elementary students’ basic needs, sociality, and school life adaptation,
and investigate the efficacy of basic needs and sociality on school life adaptation. The participants were 554
elementary school students. The results were as follows. First, there was a significant difference between genders
in terms of belonging need, fun need, and achievement need. Second, survival need showed a positive
relationship with classroom activity, belonging need with life in general, and achievement need and fun need
with dominance. Third, the higher survival, belonging, and fun needs, the more positive effect for school life
adaptation. The higher fun need, the more negative effect. As for sociality, it was revealed that with the higher
activity, stability, autonomy, and sociability, the better positive effect on school life adaptation was observed.