The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of a happiness enhancing lesson on elementary children’s
happiness and resilience based on the basic principle of positive psychology that happiness can be enhanced with
practice and education. These data were analyzed with the two-factors 2 (group: experimental, control) × 2 (test
period: pre-test, post-test) as one between-subjects and one within-subjects repeated-measures design by using
SPSS 18.0. The results were as follows: First, the experimental group with the happiness enhancing lesson
showed a significant increase in total happiness, as compared to the (no-treatment) control group. In the general
level of happiness and sub-domains of happiness, such as self-esteem, optimism, relationship with friends, and
home background, the experimental group has meaningfully changed. Second, there was a significant increase of
resilience in the experimental group compared to those in the control group. Lastly, the implications, limitations,
and suggestions for future research are discussed.