The Effects of Technological Similarity and Diversity on Merger and Innovation

강구상

서지반출

기타언어초록

본 연구는 1990년부터 2018년까지 미국의 정보통신기술(ICT) 산업에서 일어난 인수합병(M&A) 사례를 대상으로 합병기업간 기술적 유사성과 합병에 참여하는 개별기업의 기술적 다양성이 기업들의 합병상대를 결정하는 데 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 또한 기술적으로 유사한 기업들이 합병하거나 다양한 기술을 갖춘 기업들이 서로 합병했을 경우 합병 이후 통합된 기업의 혁신성과에 어떠한 영향이 발생하는지 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 해당 ICT 산업에서 기업간 기술 유사성과 개별기업의 기술 다양성은 합병상대 선택의 기준인 예상합병가치를 증가시키는 데 긍정적 영향이 있음을 밝혔다. 아울러 서로 비슷한 기술을 보유한 기업이 합병하거나 다양한 기술 포트폴리오를 가진 기업들이 합병했을 때 특허 출원건수로 측정한 합병기업의 혁신성과도 개선됨을 보였다.

영문초록

This paper examines drivers of merger partner selection and impacts of those factors on post-merger innovation outcomes analyzing 1,432 merger transactions in U.S. ICT industries. Throughout the paper, technological similarity between merging firms and technological diversity of an individual firm are important factors affecting firms' merger partner choice. In order to show their impacts on merger partner selection, we use a two-sided matching model as a theoretical framework and employ a maximum score estimation as an empirical methodology. With these empirical strategies, our findings are summarized as follows. First, technological similarity between merging firms has positive effects on merger value creation. This implies that similar technologies between merging firms plays an important role in choosing their merger partners. Second, technological diversity of an individual firm increases expected merger values. This means that firms tend to choose their deal partners with diverse technologies for the purpose of maximizing their expected merger values. Lastly, we estimate post-merger innovation impacts for actual merger transactions. As a result, estimated merger values created by technological similarity and diversity increase the number of merged firms' patents after merger. This implies that expected merger values are realized through the channel of post-merger innovation outputs.



Executive Summary



I. Introduction





II. Two-Sided Matching Model





III. Empirical Strategy
1. Data Description
2. Estimation Methodology





IV. Empirical Results
1. Determinants of Merger Partner Selection
2. Model Goodness-of-Fit
3. The Impacts of Technology Similarity and Diversity on Post-Merger Innovation





V. Conclusion and Discussion





References

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기타언어초록

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