This study examined the relationship between marital status and level of life satisfaction, and the intervening effect of social support upon that relationship. One hundred seventy-five (175) elderly women living in a rural area participated in the study. Results showed that elderly women living with husbands had a higher level of life satisfaction than single elderly women did. This relationship was mediated by social support as predicted by the model, suggesting that marital status affects life satisfaction only through differential effect on social support. These findings were discussed in relation to previous research on the psychological well-being of the elderly. Further, implications of the findings for family practice, especially for the families with elderly in rural communities, were offered.