Several researches on the myth controlling the sun and the moon have been conducted so far, whereas the rituals related to the myth have been seldom discussed. It is a wellknown fact that the myth and the rite are inseparably related to each other. In this respect, research on the rite related to the myth controlling the sun and the moon is of great importance. There are several ways to control the sun and the moon, among which many rituals shooting the sun and the moon with an arrow remain in the folk cultures of Japan. Especially a ritual called 「Ohbisha(御射)」 has been performed as an event for greeting the spring season in Kantou area. During the ritual, village people with the head male of a family as a central figure shoot down the picture of three-legged bird and rabbit with arrows.
The existing Japanese folk culture circle accepted it as an established theory to interpret the divination for the year\'s harvesting. Recently, however, Ms. Hakihara Noriko strongly denied this theory. She suggested that the myth shooting the sun and the moon with an arrow be placed on its background because the picture on the target had mainly three-legged birds and rabbits. She also insisted that it aimed to progress the movements of heavenly bodies smoothly, so that well managed weather might bring an abundant harvest.
This study found that when we saw the ritual throughly, not partly, another ritual called「Thowhatashi」was more important than 「Ohbisha(御射)」 which was shooting down the sun and the moon. 「Thowhatashi」 meant that the leader of the village had been changed. The newly elected leader was serving as a religious, spiritual and political leader. In addition to 「Ohbisha(御射)」 which has been interpreted as an divination theory and the myth controlling the sun and the moon, another interpretation that the ritual informed the birth of new royal authority should be added.