This study examines the practices of music education by Japanese colonialists through the analysis of the textbooks published by the Government General of Chosen. It begins with an overview of the origins and early years of school music education in Korea, including music education by Christian missionaries, followed by a description of \"Shoka\" education by the Residency-General. This study analyzes all elementary music textbooks published by the Government General of Chosen. The research finding reveals that music education by the Government General of Chosen has the following characteristics. 1. Music education was conducted to serve the purpose of spread of Japanese language among Korean people. One of the basic educational principles of the Government-General of Chosen was the spread of Japanese language. Most songs adopted by the Government General for elementary music textbooks were written in Japanese. For example, only six songs of 『shinpyeon changgajeeb(新編唱歌 集)』 had Korean texts while the rest 35 songs were written in Japanese. 『shinpyeon changgajeeb(新編唱歌集)』 in 1915 was published to teach Japanese language to Korean and Western people through notating Japanese pronunciation in Roman characters. 65 percent of 『botonhackyo bochug changgajeeb(普通學校補 充唱歌集)』 was written in Japanese even though they were the books published in order to appease Korean people with cultural toleration. All of the songs in 『chodeung changga(初等唱歌)』 and 『chodeung eumak(初等音樂)』 were in Japanese implying that the Government General of Chosen needed no more efforts to spread the language. 2. Music education was used as one of the means to exterminate Korean culture. The Japanese rulers made an attempt eradicating Korean music. This attempt was characterized by intensive training of music in Japanese and Western styles. Through the whole period of the Government General, the music textbooks did not include any single song in Korea style which was characterized by the traditional penta-tonic scales and compound meters. 3. Music education was conducted to encourage the spirit of loyalty to Japan and Japanese emperor. Many songs in the textbooks had the content of praising Japanese emperor and emphasizing loyalty to Japan. Expecially 『Mikuninouta』 published in 1939 consisted only songs for Japanese colonial rituals. 4. Music education by the Japanese colonialists has had much influence on today\'s practice of music teaching and learning in Korea. It produced the climate centered around the Western music so that many laymen in Korea generally think that the Western music, not Korean traditional one, represents all kinds of music. In the introductory period of Western culture and knowledge, the colonial music education by the Government General provided the causes which made Korean people feel more familiar to Western music than to Korean one. This influence still can be seen in today\'s practice of music education. In conclusion, the music education by the Government General of Chosen was used as a mean to fulfill Japanese colonial policies which intended to submit Korean people to the authority of Japanese imperialism.