This study intended to survey the early music education right after the governmental establishment of Republic of Korea. Especially it analyzed the music textbooks in those days of the Korean War. The results were following: First, music education was still conducted with the characters of an Outline Program of Instruction in the U. S. Military Government period. It means that the Korean War postponed everything related with education. Second, even though it was in the midst of war without enough classrooms, teaching materials, and textbooks, the Korean Government had the strong enthusiasm in education. It showed through \"Special Law on Education in the Wartime“ which stressed the continuation of education without any halt. Third, even though some of the lyrics of the textbook songs in the period had the characteristics of Lyricism, many were related with the war, especially in the upper grades. Fourth, 6/8 meter which are closely related to the emotions of Korean people were less used than two- and three- meter ones. This meant that the songs of Korean people\'s emotion were not composed yet, not providing proper songs for Korean children. The only song having traditional characteristics was \"Bird, Bird, Blue Bird\" in the first grade. The rest were Western. Fifth, the textbook had music theory but no instrumental music and the pieces for music appreciation. The education in early Korean Government period did not digress much from the spirits and methods of the U. S. Military government, but educational laws were established. All of the foundational works were conducted during the Korean War, making basis for the announcement of the first National Curriculum in 1955.