From the researcher’s point of view in most of research related to childbirth, the factors has been established and analyzed in order to investigate the cause of low childbirth. But there was no such approach that tried to analyze the intention and the avoidance factors from the point of view of the parents who are actual cores for solving the problem of low childbirth. This study, with recognizing the situation, focused on the aim to explore the intention and the avoidance factors of second childbirth that are suggested actually by husbands and wives of working couples.
Accordingly 1200 working wives and 600 working husbands who have one or two children were made to answer the intention of and to describe the reason avoiding the next childbirth. The descriptions were analyzed being categorized into 5 factors on the basis of previous research. For objectivity and validity of the analyzed factors the screen process of specialist opinion were run three times using Delphi Method. For in-depth approval and contextual equality of the analyzed factors 40 husbands and 40 wives with one child were adopted as focus group and the intention and the avoidance of second childbirth were analyzed case analysis separately. 400 working couples were made to answer the intention and the avoidance of second childbirth and the result was analyzed reliability analysis. So, affective value of child was the most important factor to all of husbands and wives and in the avoidance of second childbirth, the factor of supplying bringing-up was the most important influence factor to both of husbands and wives of working couples. Accordingly, this study intended to investigate the reason why working couples intend or avoid second childbirth and got results of the intention and avoidance of second childbirth. Through this study it was shown that society should subdivide policies for low childbirth instead of building more policies.