This study was attempted to investigate the effect of imaninary practice on the free-throw skill learning of basketball in elemenrary school physical education. 30 boyw and girls of elemenraty school were used as shbjects who divided into 4 experimental gruop and 1 control group. The first group was treated as physical practice only. the second for imaginary practice only. the third for imaginary and physical practice, the fourth for physical. imaginary and physical practice alternatively and the fifth for no practice. Except for 1 control group. 4 experimental groups continued the practice 12 times for four weeks and were received the post test at the ent of the four weeks. respectively. As a conclusion, the results were as follows; 1. An analysis of cariance depicted that there was no significant difference between four experimental groups (p > 0.05) 2. Physical practice showed the significant improvement better than that of the imaginary practice showed the significant improvement better than that of the imaginary practice ( p >0.05) 3.In the effect of motor skill learning. there was no significant difference between the conbination of the imaginary and physical practice with physical practice and the combination of into without physical practice (p>0.05) 4. Among four experimental groups, as a whole, elemenraty school boys showe the more improvement of practice better than that of elementary school girls (p<0.05)