The purpose of this study is to define the social background and role of sports heroes in ancient times by looking into how athlete heroes were created and what life they led. Especially, the focus of this study is placed on pancratium heroes in sports festival in ancient Greece before that nation was on the wane after the death of Alexander the Great. The world history shows there has been numerous heroes from generation to generation. And as an athlete hero is viewed as a symbol of a society that reflects the unique ideal values and spirits of the contemporary age, the meaning of sports hero caries with the times. In this sense, the significance and role of pancratium heroes in ancient Greece can be explained as below: First, it would be no exaggeration to say that ancient times was an age of myth and legend. The customs like pancratium. which played a big role in the lives of the ancient Greeks was part of the lives of gods. The pancratium unfolded by the heroes in mythology was a sort of fight led by aggression not a true sports. However, the fictitiousness one of sports hero\'s general characterisrics made it possible to see gods as sports hero. Second, pancratium heroes generally possessed a frightful power and a huge physical condition. They were seen as a superman and sometimes they were even offered a sacrifice as one of gods. Moreover, there were legends of mythological stories about them. which shows the crucial position of pancratium. And this fact also means that the importnat materials were preserved well of handed down orally to later generations. Third, when it comes to their social background and role, a lot of them were a noble or rich. Being a sports hero was a road to wealth or fame. In the upper class, they personally expanded the power or political influence of their own of their families, and sometimes tried to maintain their vested rights or power. But some or them got ruined, being deeply involved in a power struggle. It\'s not easy for the middle or lower class to partivipate in sports festival due to poor circumstances including financial condition, and the sports heroes from the middle or lower class took advantage of pancratium to raise their social position. In conclusion, the ancient pancratium heroes were created by sports festival that took the shape of war. They enjoyed wealth and fame personally and contributed socially to spreading their nation\'s prestige and attaining social intergration. They made further contribution to reinforcing the cohesion and ties between city states. They played a key role in every field of ancient society being a role model required by that society . It shall be noted that there is something in common between ancient and modern times, as in modern capital society heroes also are created by sports. being a sports hero is a way to be honored personally and they play a key part socially. The role of sports should not be overlooked in any times, and we ought to see the importance of brilliant ancient sports in new light.