This purpose of this research was to investigate the effects on which social and educational backgrounds of Ancient Rome had on their treatment towards the handicapped through document studies, in order to clarity the reason of the absence of physical education for the handicapped in Ancient Rome. The expansion of ancient countries were mainly based on geography , in short, it stressed the invation of land rather than economical progress, As a result, ancient civilization was naturally apt to colonization. Polis endlessly fell and were revuilt through colonization and war. Plunder, tax, and slavery were the main instruments used to expand power. Slavery was mobilized in Ancient Greek agriculture, but it was not systematic . However, ancient Rome introduced a grand scale slavery system called Latifundium to the aristocracy which led to harsher treatment towards slaves. Furthermore, due to economic and political separations, the rich became richer and the poor bevame poorer, there was no such thing as a middle class and only the contimuing increase of the sorking class. In short, the political order of Rome was inhumane; a total supremacy of the ruling class over the sorking class. However, even though it was restricted to citizens, the guarantee of lawful rights to an individual implies the future lawful rights fof the low class including the handicapped. Also the drawing of rations to the destitute signifies the importance of the public to politival strategies, and insinuates that at least the lives of the destitute were guaranteed. Furthermore, the spread of christianity contributed to the establishment of shelters for the destitute and handicapped and vrought to surface the aid and protection of them. Nevertheless, there was no theological background for proper treatment as equals. the function of education in Rome was either to cultivate soldiers or intellectuals, and became the privilege of the upper class . Planin citizens rarely had the oppertunity to receive education. Commoners and slaves had th children only to reveive mandatory courses in order to successfully complete thieir economical religious and military onligations. Like Greece however, manual labor was scorned upon, therefore education on technical skills could not be developed which was essential for the sorking class. The purpose of physical education was to cultivate useful men for war of was preferred for manes that were stimulating. therefore athletics for handicapped was impossible . As mentioned above, in ancient Rome, although there was relief aid policy for the destitutem establichment of shelther for the handicapped through religious ethos, and recovery of rehannilitation movements due to the degenerating lifestyle a theological foundation was not yet formed for education for the handicapped.